Overall, the available evidence suggests that drug-related law enforcement activities are of limited effectiveness in reducing violence. More studies demonstrated an association between drug-related law enforcement activities and increased violence than decreased violence. Selective enforcement tactics appeared the most promising in their capacity to reduce violence, although the evidence base covered in this review is limited.
Passive drug-related law enforcement activities, such as increasing police presence in known drug-market areas, appear promising in reducing violence. However, less evidence is available on the effectiveness of these interventions than on active law enforcement activities.
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